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Canada, is a country in North America consisting of 10 provinces and 3 territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean. At 9.98 million sq km in total, Canada is the world's second-largest country by total area, and its common border with the United States is the world's longest land border shared by the same two countries. Canada is a developed country and one of the wealthiest in the world, with the eighth highest per capita income globally, and the eleventh highest ranking in the Human Development Index.

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It ranks among the highest in international measurements of education, civil liberties, quality of life, government transparency, and economic freedom. Canada is a recognized middle power and a member of G7, G8, G10, G20, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, NATO, North American Free Trade Agreement, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, World Trade Organization, Uniting for Consensus, Commonwealth of Nations, Organization of American States, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, and the United Nations. According to OECD, in Canada, the average net adjusted disposable income of the top 20% of the population is an estimated $55,718/ year, whereas the bottom 20% live on an estimated $10,526/ year.Ìý

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