In 2024, the global market size of Automotive Starting Battery was estimated to be worth US$ 25660 million and is forecast to reach approximately US$ 32110 million by 2031 with a CAGR of 3.3% during the forecast period 2025-2031.
Automotive Starting Battery is an automotive battery that powers the starter motor, mainly in combustion vehicles. Automotive Starting Battery is usually lead-acid type, and is made of six galvanic cells connected in series to provide a nominally 12-volt system.
EU is the largest Automotive Starting Battery market with about 26% market share. China is follower, accounting for about 22% market share.
The key players are Johnson Controls, Exide Technologies, GS Yuasa, Sebang, Atlasbx, East Penn, Amara Raja, FIAMM, ACDelco, Bosch, Hitachi, Banner, MOLL, Camel, Fengfan, Chuanxi, Ruiyu, Jujiang, Leoch, Wanli etc. Top 3 companies occupied about 30% market share.
Report Scope
This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for Automotive Starting Battery, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding Automotive Starting Battery.
The Automotive Starting Battery market size, estimations, and forecasts are provided in terms of sales volume (K Units) and revenue ($ millions), considering 2024 as the base year, with history and forecast data for the period from 2020 to 2031. This report segments the global Automotive Starting Battery market comprehensively. Regional market sizes, concerning products by Type, by Application, and by players, are also provided.
For a more in-depth understanding of the market, the report provides profiles of the competitive landscape, key competitors, and their respective market ranks. The report also discusses technological trends and new product developments.
The report will help the Automotive Starting Battery manufacturers, new entrants, and industry chain related companies in this market with information on the revenues, sales volume, and average price for the overall market and the sub-segments across the different segments, by company, by Type, by Application, and regions.
By Company
Johnson Controls
Exide Technologies
GS Yuasa
Sebang
Atlasbx
East Penn
Amara Raja
FIAMM
ACDelco
Bosch
Hitachi
Banner
MOLL
Camel
Fengfan
Chuanxi
Ruiyu
Jujiang
Leoch
Wanli
SegmentÌýby Type
Maintenance-free Battery
Conventional Battery
SegmentÌýby Application
OEMs
Aftermarket
By Region
North America
United States
Canada
Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
South Korea
India
Southeast Asia
Australia
Rest of Asia-Pacific
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Rest of Europe
Latin America
Mexico
Brazil
Rest of Latin America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of MEA
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1: Introduces the report scope of the report, executive summary of different market segments (by Type and by Application, etc), including the market size of each market segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the current state of the market and its likely evolution in the short to mid-term, and long term.
Chapter 2: Sales (consumption), revenue of Automotive Starting Battery in global and regional level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of Automotive Starting Battery manufacturers competitive landscape, price, sales, revenue, market share and industry ranking, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Provides profiles of key manufacturers, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product descriptions and specifications, Automotive Starting Battery sales, revenue, price, gross margin, sales by region, by Type, by Application, and recent development, etc.
Chapter 5: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Type, covering the sales, revenue, average price, and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 6: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Application, covering the sales, revenue, average price, and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 7: North America by Type, by Application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 8: APAC by Type, by Application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 9: Europe by Type, by Application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 10: Latin America by Type, by Application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 11: Middle East and Africa by Type, by Application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 12: Analysis of industrial chain, sales channel, key raw materials, distributors, and customers.
Chapter 13: Introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 14: Research Findings and Conclusion.
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1 Study Coverage
1.1 Automotive Starting Battery Product Introduction
1.2 Market by Type
1.2.1 Global Automotive Starting Battery Market Size Growth Rate by Type (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
1.2.2 Maintenance-free Battery
1.2.3 Conventional Battery
1.3 Market by Application
1.3.1 Global Automotive Starting Battery Market Size Growth Rate by Application (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
1.3.2 OEMs
1.3.3 Aftermarket
1.4 Study Objectives
1.5 Years Considered
2 Executive Summary
2.1 Global Automotive Starting Battery Market Size Estimates and Forecasts
2.1.1 Global Automotive Starting Battery Revenue 2020-2031
2.1.2 Global Automotive Starting Battery Sales 2020-2031
2.2 Automotive Starting Battery Market Size by Region: 2024 Versus 2031
2.3 Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Region (2020-2031)
2.3.1 Global Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Region: 2020-2025
2.3.2 Global Automotive Starting Battery Sales Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
2.3.3 Global Automotive Starting Battery Sales Market Share by Region (2020-2031)
2.4 Automotive Starting Battery Market Estimates and Projections by Region (2026-2031)
2.4.1 Global Automotive Starting Battery Revenue by Region: 2020-2025
2.4.2 Global Automotive Starting Battery Revenue Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
2.4.3 Global Automotive Starting Battery Revenue Market Share by Region (2020-2031)
3 Market Segments
3.1 Breakdown Data by Type
3.1.1 Global Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Type (2020-2031)
3.1.1.1 Global Automotive Starting Battery Sales Volume by Type (2020-2031)
3.1.1.2 Global Automotive Starting Battery Sales Market Share by Type (2020-2031)
3.1.2 Global Automotive Starting Battery Revenue by Type (2020-2031)
3.1.2.1 Global Automotive Starting Battery Revenue by Type (2020-2031)
3.1.2.2 Global Automotive Starting Battery Revenue Market Share by Type (2020-2031)
3.1.3 Automotive Starting Battery Average Selling Price (ASP) by Type (2020-2031)
3.2 Breakdown Data by Application
3.2.1 Global Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application (2020-2031)
3.2.1.1 Global Automotive Starting Battery Sales Volume by Application (2020-2031)
3.2.1.2 Global Automotive Starting Battery Sales Market Share by Application (2020-2031)
3.2.2 Global Automotive Starting Battery Revenue by Application (2020-2031)
3.2.2.1 Global Automotive Starting Battery Revenue by Application (2020-2031)
3.2.2.2 Global Automotive Starting Battery Revenue Market Share by Application (2020-2031)
3.2.3 Automotive Starting Battery Average Selling Price (ASP) by Application (2020-2031)
3.3 by Type and by Application Crossing Analysis
3.3.1 Maintenance-free Battery of Automotive Starting Battery Revenue Market Share by Application
3.3.2 Conventional Battery of Automotive Starting Battery Revenue Market Share by Application
4 Global Automotive Starting Battery by Manufacturers
4.1 Global Top Automotive Starting Battery Manufacturers by Sales (2020-2025)
4.1.1 Global Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Manufacturer (2020-2025)
4.1.2 Global Automotive Starting Battery Sales Market Share by Manufacturer (2020-2025)
4.2 Global Top Automotive Starting Battery Manufacturers by Revenue (2020-2025)
4.2.1 Global Automotive Starting Battery Revenue by Manufacturer (2020-2025)
4.2.2 Global Automotive Starting Battery Revenue Share by Manufacturer (2020-2025)
4.3 Global Automotive Starting Battery Price by Manufacturer (2020-2025)
4.4 Competitive Landscape
4.4.1 Key Automotive Starting Battery Manufacturers Covered: Ranking by Revenue
4.4.2 Global Automotive Starting Battery Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI) & (2020-2025)
4.4.3 Global Automotive Starting Battery Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
4.5 Global Automotive Starting Battery Manufacturing Base Distribution, Product Type
4.5.1 Automotive Starting Battery Manufacturers Manufacturing Base Distribution, Headquarters
4.5.2 Date of International Manufacturers Enter into Automotive Starting Battery Market
4.5.3 Manufacturers Automotive Starting Battery Product Type and Application
4.5.4 Maintenance-free Battery Market Sales of Automotive Starting Battery by Manufacturer
4.5.5 Conventional Battery Market Sales of Automotive Starting Battery by Manufacturer
4.6 Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
5 Company Profiles
5.1 Johnson Controls
5.1.1 Johnson Controls Company Information
5.1.2 Johnson Controls Description, Business Overview
5.1.3 Johnson Controls Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.1.4 Johnson Controls Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.1.5 Johnson Controls Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.1.6 Johnson Controls Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.1.7 Johnson Controls Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.1.8 Johnson Controls Recent Developments
5.2 Exide Technologies
5.2.1 Exide Technologies Company Information
5.2.2 Exide Technologies Description, Business Overview
5.2.3 Exide Technologies Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.2.4 Exide Technologies Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.2.5 Exide Technologies Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.2.6 Exide Technologies Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.2.7 Exide Technologies Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.2.8 Exide Technologies Recent Developments
5.3 GS Yuasa
5.3.1 GS Yuasa Company Information
5.3.2 GS Yuasa Description, Business Overview
5.3.3 GS Yuasa Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.3.4 GS Yuasa Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.3.5 GS Yuasa Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.3.6 GS Yuasa Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.3.7 GS Yuasa Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.3.8 GS Yuasa Recent Developments
5.4 Sebang
5.4.1 Sebang Company Information
5.4.2 Sebang Description, Business Overview
5.4.3 Sebang Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.4.4 Sebang Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.4.5 Sebang Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.4.6 Sebang Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.4.7 Sebang Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.4.8 Sebang Recent Developments
5.5 Atlasbx
5.5.1 Atlasbx Company Information
5.5.2 Atlasbx Description, Business Overview
5.5.3 Atlasbx Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.5.4 Atlasbx Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.5.5 Atlasbx Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.5.6 Atlasbx Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.5.7 Atlasbx Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.5.8 Atlasbx Recent Developments
5.6 East Penn
5.6.1 East Penn Company Information
5.6.2 East Penn Description, Business Overview
5.6.3 East Penn Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.6.4 East Penn Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.6.5 East Penn Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.6.6 East Penn Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.6.7 East Penn Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.6.8 East Penn Recent Developments
5.7 Amara Raja
5.7.1 Amara Raja Company Information
5.7.2 Amara Raja Description, Business Overview
5.7.3 Amara Raja Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.7.4 Amara Raja Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.7.5 Amara Raja Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.7.6 Amara Raja Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.7.7 Amara Raja Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.7.8 Amara Raja Recent Developments
5.8 FIAMM
5.8.1 FIAMM Company Information
5.8.2 FIAMM Description, Business Overview
5.8.3 FIAMM Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.8.4 FIAMM Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.8.5 FIAMM Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.8.6 FIAMM Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.8.7 FIAMM Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.8.8 FIAMM Recent Developments
5.9 ACDelco
5.9.1 ACDelco Company Information
5.9.2 ACDelco Description, Business Overview
5.9.3 ACDelco Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.9.4 ACDelco Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.9.5 ACDelco Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.9.6 ACDelco Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.9.7 ACDelco Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.9.8 ACDelco Recent Developments
5.10 Bosch
5.10.1 Bosch Company Information
5.10.2 Bosch Description, Business Overview
5.10.3 Bosch Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.10.4 Bosch Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.10.5 Bosch Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.10.6 Bosch Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.10.7 Bosch Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.10.8 Bosch Recent Developments
5.11 Hitachi
5.11.1 Hitachi Company Information
5.11.2 Hitachi Description, Business Overview
5.11.3 Hitachi Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.11.4 Hitachi Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.11.5 Hitachi Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.11.6 Hitachi Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.11.7 Hitachi Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.11.8 Hitachi Recent Developments
5.12 Banner
5.12.1 Banner Company Information
5.12.2 Banner Description, Business Overview
5.12.3 Banner Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.12.4 Banner Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.12.5 Banner Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.12.6 Banner Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.12.7 Banner Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.12.8 Banner Recent Developments
5.13 MOLL
5.13.1 MOLL Company Information
5.13.2 MOLL Description, Business Overview
5.13.3 MOLL Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.13.4 MOLL Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.13.5 MOLL Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.13.6 MOLL Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.13.7 MOLL Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.13.8 MOLL Recent Developments
5.14 Camel
5.14.1 Camel Company Information
5.14.2 Camel Description, Business Overview
5.14.3 Camel Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.14.4 Camel Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.14.5 Camel Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.14.6 Camel Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.14.7 Camel Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.14.8 Camel Recent Developments
5.15 Fengfan
5.15.1 Fengfan Company Information
5.15.2 Fengfan Description, Business Overview
5.15.3 Fengfan Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.15.4 Fengfan Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.15.5 Fengfan Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.15.6 Fengfan Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.15.7 Fengfan Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.15.8 Fengfan Recent Developments
5.16 Chuanxi
5.16.1 Chuanxi Company Information
5.16.2 Chuanxi Description, Business Overview
5.16.3 Chuanxi Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.16.4 Chuanxi Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.16.5 Chuanxi Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.16.6 Chuanxi Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.16.7 Chuanxi Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.16.8 Chuanxi Recent Developments
5.17 Ruiyu
5.17.1 Ruiyu Company Information
5.17.2 Ruiyu Description, Business Overview
5.17.3 Ruiyu Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.17.4 Ruiyu Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.17.5 Ruiyu Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.17.6 Ruiyu Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.17.7 Ruiyu Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.17.8 Ruiyu Recent Developments
5.18 Jujiang
5.18.1 Jujiang Company Information
5.18.2 Jujiang Description, Business Overview
5.18.3 Jujiang Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.18.4 Jujiang Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.18.5 Jujiang Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.18.6 Jujiang Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.18.7 Jujiang Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.18.8 Jujiang Recent Developments
5.19 Leoch
5.19.1 Leoch Company Information
5.19.2 Leoch Description, Business Overview
5.19.3 Leoch Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.19.4 Leoch Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.19.5 Leoch Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.19.6 Leoch Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.19.7 Leoch Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.19.8 Leoch Recent Developments
5.20 Wanli
5.20.1 Wanli Company Information
5.20.2 Wanli Description, Business Overview
5.20.3 Wanli Automotive Starting Battery Products Offered
5.20.4 Wanli Automotive Starting Battery Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
5.20.5 Wanli Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Product in 2024
5.20.6 Wanli Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application in 2024
5.20.7 Wanli Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Geographic Area in 2024
5.20.8 Wanli Recent Developments
6 North America
6.1 North America Automotive Starting Battery Market Size YoY Growth 2020-2031
6.2 North America Automotive Starting Battery Market Facts & Figures by Country
6.2.1 North America Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Country (2020-2031)
6.2.2 North America Automotive Starting Battery Revenue by Country (2020-2031)
6.3 North America Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Type (2020-2025)
6.4 North America Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application (2020-2025)
7 Asia-Pacific
7.1 Asia-Pacific Automotive Starting Battery Market Size YoY Growth 2020-2031
7.2 Asia-Pacific Automotive Starting Battery Market Facts & Figures by Region
7.2.1 Asia-Pacific Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Region (2020-2031)
7.2.2 Asia-Pacific Automotive Starting Battery Revenue by Region (2020-2031)
7.3 Asia-Pacific Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Type (2020-2025)
7.4 Asia-Pacific Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application (2020-2025)
8 Europe
8.1 Europe Automotive Starting Battery Market Size YoY Growth 2020-2031
8.2 Europe Automotive Starting Battery Market Facts & Figures by Country
8.2.1 Europe Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Country (2020-2031)
8.2.2 Europe Automotive Starting Battery Revenue by Country (2020-2031)
8.3 Europe Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Type (2020-2025)
8.4 Europe Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application (2020-2025)
9 Latin America
9.1 Latin America Automotive Starting Battery Market Size YoY Growth 2020-2031
9.2 Latin America Automotive Starting Battery Market Facts & Figures by Country
9.2.1 Latin America Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Country (2020-2031)
9.2.2 Latin America Automotive Starting Battery Revenue by Country (2020-2031)
9.3 Latin America Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Type (2020-2025)
9.4 Latin America Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application (2020-2025)
10 Middle East and Africa
10.1 Latin America Automotive Starting Battery Market Size YoY Growth 2020-2031
10.2 Middle East and Africa Automotive Starting Battery Market Facts & Figures by Country
10.2.1 Middle East and Africa Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Country (2020-2031)
10.2.2 Middle East and Africa Automotive Starting Battery Revenue by Country (2020-2031)
10.3 Middle East and Africa Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Type (2020-2025)
10.4 Middle East and Africa Automotive Starting Battery Sales by Application (2020-2025)
11 Supply Chain and Sales Channel analysis
11.1 Automotive Starting Battery Supply Chain Analysis
11.2 Automotive Starting Battery Key Raw Materials and Upstream Suppliers
11.3 Automotive Starting Battery Clients Analysis
11.4 Automotive Starting Battery Sales Channel and Sales Model Analysis
11.4.1 Automotive Starting Battery Distribution Channel Analysis: Indirect Sales VS Direct Sales
11.4.2 Automotive Starting Battery Distribution Channel Analysis: Online Sales VS Offline Sales
11.4.3 Automotive Starting Battery Distributors
12 Automotive Starting Battery Market Dynamics
12.1 Automotive Starting Battery Industry Trends
12.2 Automotive Starting Battery Market Drivers
12.3 Automotive Starting Battery Market Challenges
12.4 Automotive Starting Battery Market Restraints
13 Research Findings and Conclusion
14 Appendix
14.1 Research Methodology
14.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
14.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design
14.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation
14.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
14.1.2 Data Source
14.1.2.1 Secondary Sources
14.1.2.2 Primary Sources
14.2 Author Details
14.3 Disclaimer
Johnson Controls
Exide Technologies
GS Yuasa
Sebang
Atlasbx
East Penn
Amara Raja
FIAMM
ACDelco
Bosch
Hitachi
Banner
MOLL
Camel
Fengfan
Chuanxi
Ruiyu
Jujiang
Leoch
Wanli
Ìý
Ìý
*If Applicable.