Biodegradable plastics or compostable plastics are a kind of plastic that decomposes naturally in the environment.
The global Bio Plastic Packaging market is projected to grow from US$ 1770.6 million in 2024 to US$ 2794.1 million by 2030, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7.9% during the forecast period.
The top three companies, Novamont, NatureWorks and BASF, have 34% of the market share.
In terms of production side, this report researches the Bio Plastic Packaging production, growth rate, market share by manufacturers and by region (region level and country level), from 2019 to 2024, and forecast to 2030.
In terms of consumption side, this report focuses on the sales of Bio Plastic Packaging by region (region level and country level), by company, by Type and by Application. from 2019 to 2024 and forecast to 2030.
Report Covers:
This report presents an overview of global market for Bio Plastic Packaging, capacity, output, revenue and price. Analyses of the global market trends, with historic market revenue/sales data for 2019 - 2024, estimates for 2024, and projections of CAGR through 2030.
This report researches the key producers of Bio Plastic Packaging, also provides the consumption of main regions and countries. Highlights of the upcoming market potential for Bio Plastic Packaging, and key regions/countries of focus to forecast this market into various segments and sub-segments. Country specific data and market value analysis for the U.S., Canada, Mexico, Brazil, China, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, India, Germany, the U.K., Italy, Middle East, Africa, and Other Countries.
This report focuses on the Bio Plastic Packaging sales, revenue, market share and industry ranking of main manufacturers, data from 2019 to 2024. Identification of the major stakeholders in the global Bio Plastic Packaging market, and analysis of their competitive landscape and market positioning based on recent developments and segmental revenues. This report will help stakeholders to understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights and position their businesses and market strategies in a better way.
This report analyzes the segments data by Type and by Application, sales, revenue, and price, from 2019 to 2030. Evaluation and forecast the market size for Bio Plastic Packaging sales, projected growth trends, production technology, application and end-user industry.
Market Segmentation
By Company
NatureWorks
BASF
Novamont
Futamura
Taghleef Industries
BIOTEC
Jinhui Zhaolong
API
Agrana Starke
Danimer Scientific
Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials
Kaneka
Xinjiang Blue Ridge Tunhe Polyester
Mitsubishi Chemical
FKuR Kunststoff
BIO-FED
Biome Bioplastics
GRABIO
CARBIOLICE
Segment by Type
Starch Blends
PLA
PBAT
Other
Segment by Application
Flexible Packaging
Rigid Packaging
Production by Region
North America
Europe
China
Japan
Sales by Region
US & Canada
U.S.
Canada
China
Asia (excluding China)
Japan
South Korea
China Taiwan
Southeast Asia
India
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Latin America, Middle East & Africa
Brazil
Mexico
Turkey
Israel
GCC Countries
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1: Introduces the report scope of the report, executive summary of different market segments (by Type and by Application, etc), including the market size of each market segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the current state of the market and its likely evolution in the short to mid-term, and long term.
Chapter 2: Bio Plastic Packaging production/output of global and key producers (regions/countries). It provides a quantitative analysis of the production, and development potential of each producer in the next six years.
Chapter 3: Sales (consumption), revenue of Bio Plastic Packaging in global, regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
Chapter 4: Detailed analysis of Bio Plastic Packaging manufacturers competitive landscape, price, sales, revenue, market share and industry ranking, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 5: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Type, covering the sales, revenue, average price, and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 6: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Application, covering the sales, revenue, average price, and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 7: North America (US & Canada) by Type, by Application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 8: Europe by Type, by Application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 9: China by Type, and by Application, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 10: Asia (excluding China) by Type, by Application and by region, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 11: Middle East, Africa, Latin America by Type, by Application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 12: Provides profiles of key manufacturers, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product descriptions and specifications, Bio Plastic Packaging sales, revenue, price, gross margin, and recent development, etc.
Chapter 13: Analysis of industrial chain, sales channel, key raw materials, distributors and customers.
Chapter 14: Introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 15: The main points and conclusions of the report.
Please Note - This is an on demand report and will be delivered in 2 business days (48 hours) post payment.
1 Study Coverage
1.1 Bio Plastic Packaging Product Introduction
1.2 Market by Type
1.2.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Market Size by Type, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
1.2.2 Starch Blends
1.2.3 PLA
1.2.4 PBAT
1.2.5 Other
1.3 Market by Application
1.3.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Market Size by Application, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
1.3.2 Flexible Packaging
1.3.3 Rigid Packaging
1.4 Assumptions and Limitations
1.5 Study Objectives
1.6 Years Considered
2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Production
2.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Production Capacity (2019-2030)
2.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Production by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
2.3 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Production by Region
2.3.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Historic Production by Region (2019-2024)
2.3.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Forecasted Production by Region (2025-2030)
2.3.3 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Production Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
2.4 North America
2.5 Europe
2.6 China
2.7 Japan
3 Executive Summary
3.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue Estimates and Forecasts 2019-2030
3.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Region
3.2.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
3.2.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Region (2019-2024)
3.2.3 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Region (2025-2030)
3.2.4 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
3.3 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Sales Estimates and Forecasts 2019-2030
3.4 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Region
3.4.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
3.4.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Region (2019-2024)
3.4.3 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Region (2025-2030)
3.4.4 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
3.5 US & Canada
3.6 Europe
3.7 China
3.8 Asia (excluding China)
3.9 Middle East, Africa and Latin America
4 Competition by Manufactures
4.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Manufacturers
4.1.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
4.1.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
4.1.3 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Largest Manufacturers of Bio Plastic Packaging in 2023
4.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Manufacturers
4.2.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
4.2.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
4.2.3 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue in 2023
4.3 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Sales Price by Manufacturers
4.4 Global Key Players of Bio Plastic Packaging, Industry Ranking, 2022 VS 2023 VS 2024
4.5 Analysis of Competitive Landscape
4.5.1 Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
4.5.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
4.6 Global Key Manufacturers of Bio Plastic Packaging, Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
4.7 Global Key Manufacturers of Bio Plastic Packaging, Product Offered and Application
4.8 Global Key Manufacturers of Bio Plastic Packaging, Date of Enter into This Industry
4.9 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
5 Market Size by Type
5.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Type
5.1.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Historical Sales by Type (2019-2024)
5.1.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Forecasted Sales by Type (2025-2030)
5.1.3 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
5.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Type
5.2.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Historical Revenue by Type (2019-2024)
5.2.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Forecasted Revenue by Type (2025-2030)
5.2.3 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
5.3 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Price by Type
5.3.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Price by Type (2019-2024)
5.3.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Price Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
6 Market Size by Application
6.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Application
6.1.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Historical Sales by Application (2019-2024)
6.1.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Forecasted Sales by Application (2025-2030)
6.1.3 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
6.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Application
6.2.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Historical Revenue by Application (2019-2024)
6.2.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Forecasted Revenue by Application (2025-2030)
6.2.3 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
6.3 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Price by Application
6.3.1 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Price by Application (2019-2024)
6.3.2 Global Bio Plastic Packaging Price Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
7 US & Canada
7.1 US & Canada Bio Plastic Packaging Market Size by Type
7.1.1 US & Canada Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Type (2019-2030)
7.1.2 US & Canada Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
7.2 US & Canada Bio Plastic Packaging Market Size by Application
7.2.1 US & Canada Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Application (2019-2030)
7.2.2 US & Canada Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
7.3 US & Canada Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Country
7.3.1 US & Canada Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
7.3.2 US & Canada Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Country (2019-2030)
7.3.3 US & Canada Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Country (2019-2030)
7.3.4 U.S.
7.3.5 Canada
8 Europe
8.1 Europe Bio Plastic Packaging Market Size by Type
8.1.1 Europe Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Type (2019-2030)
8.1.2 Europe Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
8.2 Europe Bio Plastic Packaging Market Size by Application
8.2.1 Europe Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Application (2019-2030)
8.2.2 Europe Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
8.3 Europe Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Country
8.3.1 Europe Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
8.3.2 Europe Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Country (2019-2030)
8.3.3 Europe Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Country (2019-2030)
8.3.4 Germany
8.3.5 France
8.3.6 U.K.
8.3.7 Italy
8.3.8 Russia
9 China
9.1 China Bio Plastic Packaging Market Size by Type
9.1.1 China Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Type (2019-2030)
9.1.2 China Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
9.2 China Bio Plastic Packaging Market Size by Application
9.2.1 China Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Application (2019-2030)
9.2.2 China Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
10 Asia (excluding China)
10.1 Asia Bio Plastic Packaging Market Size by Type
10.1.1 Asia Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Type (2019-2030)
10.1.2 Asia Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
10.2 Asia Bio Plastic Packaging Market Size by Application
10.2.1 Asia Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Application (2019-2030)
10.2.2 Asia Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
10.3 Asia Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Region
10.3.1 Asia Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
10.3.2 Asia Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Region (2019-2030)
10.3.3 Asia Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Region (2019-2030)
10.3.4 Japan
10.3.5 South Korea
10.3.6 China Taiwan
10.3.7 Southeast Asia
10.3.8 India
11 Middle East, Africa and Latin America
11.1 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Bio Plastic Packaging Market Size by Type
11.1.1 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Type (2019-2030)
11.1.2 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
11.2 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Bio Plastic Packaging Market Size by Application
11.2.1 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Application (2019-2030)
11.2.2 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
11.3 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Country
11.3.1 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
11.3.2 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Bio Plastic Packaging Revenue by Country (2019-2030)
11.3.3 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Bio Plastic Packaging Sales by Country (2019-2030)
11.3.4 Brazil
11.3.5 Mexico
11.3.6 Turkey
11.3.7 Israel
11.3.8 GCC Countries
12 Corporate Profiles
12.1 NatureWorks
12.1.1 NatureWorks Company Information
12.1.2 NatureWorks Overview
12.1.3 NatureWorks Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.1.4 NatureWorks Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.1.5 NatureWorks Recent Developments
12.2 BASF
12.2.1 BASF Company Information
12.2.2 BASF Overview
12.2.3 BASF Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.2.4 BASF Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.2.5 BASF Recent Developments
12.3 Novamont
12.3.1 Novamont Company Information
12.3.2 Novamont Overview
12.3.3 Novamont Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.3.4 Novamont Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.3.5 Novamont Recent Developments
12.4 Futamura
12.4.1 Futamura Company Information
12.4.2 Futamura Overview
12.4.3 Futamura Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.4.4 Futamura Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.4.5 Futamura Recent Developments
12.5 Taghleef Industries
12.5.1 Taghleef Industries Company Information
12.5.2 Taghleef Industries Overview
12.5.3 Taghleef Industries Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.5.4 Taghleef Industries Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.5.5 Taghleef Industries Recent Developments
12.6 BIOTEC
12.6.1 BIOTEC Company Information
12.6.2 BIOTEC Overview
12.6.3 BIOTEC Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.6.4 BIOTEC Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.6.5 BIOTEC Recent Developments
12.7 Jinhui Zhaolong
12.7.1 Jinhui Zhaolong Company Information
12.7.2 Jinhui Zhaolong Overview
12.7.3 Jinhui Zhaolong Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.7.4 Jinhui Zhaolong Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.7.5 Jinhui Zhaolong Recent Developments
12.8 API
12.8.1 API Company Information
12.8.2 API Overview
12.8.3 API Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.8.4 API Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.8.5 API Recent Developments
12.9 Agrana Starke
12.9.1 Agrana Starke Company Information
12.9.2 Agrana Starke Overview
12.9.3 Agrana Starke Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.9.4 Agrana Starke Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.9.5 Agrana Starke Recent Developments
12.10 Danimer Scientific
12.10.1 Danimer Scientific Company Information
12.10.2 Danimer Scientific Overview
12.10.3 Danimer Scientific Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.10.4 Danimer Scientific Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.10.5 Danimer Scientific Recent Developments
12.11 Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials
12.11.1 Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Company Information
12.11.2 Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Overview
12.11.3 Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.11.4 Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.11.5 Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Recent Developments
12.12 Kaneka
12.12.1 Kaneka Company Information
12.12.2 Kaneka Overview
12.12.3 Kaneka Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.12.4 Kaneka Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.12.5 Kaneka Recent Developments
12.13 Xinjiang Blue Ridge Tunhe Polyester
12.13.1 Xinjiang Blue Ridge Tunhe Polyester Company Information
12.13.2 Xinjiang Blue Ridge Tunhe Polyester Overview
12.13.3 Xinjiang Blue Ridge Tunhe Polyester Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.13.4 Xinjiang Blue Ridge Tunhe Polyester Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.13.5 Xinjiang Blue Ridge Tunhe Polyester Recent Developments
12.14 Mitsubishi Chemical
12.14.1 Mitsubishi Chemical Company Information
12.14.2 Mitsubishi Chemical Overview
12.14.3 Mitsubishi Chemical Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.14.4 Mitsubishi Chemical Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.14.5 Mitsubishi Chemical Recent Developments
12.15 FKuR Kunststoff
12.15.1 FKuR Kunststoff Company Information
12.15.2 FKuR Kunststoff Overview
12.15.3 FKuR Kunststoff Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.15.4 FKuR Kunststoff Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.15.5 FKuR Kunststoff Recent Developments
12.16 BIO-FED
12.16.1 BIO-FED Company Information
12.16.2 BIO-FED Overview
12.16.3 BIO-FED Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.16.4 BIO-FED Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.16.5 BIO-FED Recent Developments
12.17 Biome Bioplastics
12.17.1 Biome Bioplastics Company Information
12.17.2 Biome Bioplastics Overview
12.17.3 Biome Bioplastics Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.17.4 Biome Bioplastics Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.17.5 Biome Bioplastics Recent Developments
12.18 GRABIO
12.18.1 GRABIO Company Information
12.18.2 GRABIO Overview
12.18.3 GRABIO Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.18.4 GRABIO Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.18.5 GRABIO Recent Developments
12.19 CARBIOLICE
12.19.1 CARBIOLICE Company Information
12.19.2 CARBIOLICE Overview
12.19.3 CARBIOLICE Bio Plastic Packaging Capacity, Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.19.4 CARBIOLICE Bio Plastic Packaging Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.19.5 CARBIOLICE Recent Developments
13 Industry Chain and Sales Channels Analysis
13.1 Bio Plastic Packaging Industry Chain Analysis
13.2 Bio Plastic Packaging Key Raw Materials
13.2.1 Key Raw Materials
13.2.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
13.3 Bio Plastic Packaging Production Mode & Process
13.4 Bio Plastic Packaging Sales and Marketing
13.4.1 Bio Plastic Packaging Sales Channels
13.4.2 Bio Plastic Packaging Distributors
13.5 Bio Plastic Packaging Customers
14 Bio Plastic Packaging Market Dynamics
14.1 Bio Plastic Packaging Industry Trends
14.2 Bio Plastic Packaging Market Drivers
14.3 Bio Plastic Packaging Market Challenges
14.4 Bio Plastic Packaging Market Restraints
15 Key Finding in The Global Bio Plastic Packaging Study
16 Appendix
16.1 Research Methodology
16.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
16.1.2 Data Source
16.2 Author Details
16.3 Disclaimer
NatureWorks
BASF
Novamont
Futamura
Taghleef Industries
BIOTEC
Jinhui Zhaolong
API
Agrana Starke
Danimer Scientific
Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials
Kaneka
Xinjiang Blue Ridge Tunhe Polyester
Mitsubishi Chemical
FKuR Kunststoff
BIO-FED
Biome Bioplastics
GRABIO
CARBIOLICE
听
听
*If Applicable.
