
An audio interface is the hardware that connects your microphones and other audio gear to your computer. A typical audio interface converts analog signals into the digital audio information that your computer can process. It sends that digital audio to your computer via some kind of connection (e.g. Thunderbolt, USB, FireWire, or a special PCI/PCIe card). This same audio interface also performs the same process in reverse, receiving digital audio information from your computer and converting it into an analog signal that you can hear through your studio monitors or headphones. Most audio interfaces include line-level analog inputs and outputs, one or more microphone preamplifiers, and may even include digital inputs and outputs such as AES, S/PDIF or ADAT (Lightpipe).
The global Computer Audio Interfaces market is projected to grow from US$ million in 2024 to US$ million by 2030, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of % during the forecast period.
The US & Canada market for Computer Audio Interfaces is estimated to increase from $ million in 2024 to reach $ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2025 through 2030.
The China market for Computer Audio Interfaces is estimated to increase from $ million in 2024 to reach $ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2025 through 2030.
The Europe market for Computer Audio Interfaces is estimated to increase from $ million in 2024 to reach $ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2025 through 2030.
The global key manufacturers of Computer Audio Interfaces include Focusrite Audio Engineering, PreSonus Audio Electronics, Universal Audio, Zoom Corporation, Steinberg Media Technologies(Yamaha), Roland, Mackie (LOUD Technologies), M-Audio and Behringer (Music Group), etc. In 2023, the global top five players had a share approximately % in terms of revenue.
In terms of production side, this report researches the Computer Audio Interfaces production, growth rate, market share by manufacturers and by region (region level and country level), from 2019 to 2024, and forecast to 2030.
In terms of consumption side, this report focuses on the sales of Computer Audio Interfaces by region (region level and country level), by company, by Type and by Application. from 2019 to 2024 and forecast to 2030.
Report Covers:
This report presents an overview of global market for Computer Audio Interfaces, capacity, output, revenue and price. Analyses of the global market trends, with historic market revenue/sales data for 2019 - 2024, estimates for 2024, and projections of CAGR through 2030.
This report researches the key producers of Computer Audio Interfaces, also provides the consumption of main regions and countries. Highlights of the upcoming market potential for Computer Audio Interfaces, and key regions/countries of focus to forecast this market into various segments and sub-segments. Country specific data and market value analysis for the U.S., Canada, Mexico, Brazil, China, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, India, Germany, the U.K., Italy, Middle East, Africa, and Other Countries.
This report focuses on the Computer Audio Interfaces sales, revenue, market share and industry ranking of main manufacturers, data from 2019 to 2024. Identification of the major stakeholders in the global Computer Audio Interfaces market, and analysis of their competitive landscape and market positioning based on recent developments and segmental revenues. This report will help stakeholders to understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights and position their businesses and market strategies in a better way.
This report analyzes the segments data by Type and by Application, sales, revenue, and price, from 2019 to 2030. Evaluation and forecast the market size for Computer Audio Interfaces sales, projected growth trends, production technology, application and end-user industry.
Market Segmentation
By Company
Focusrite Audio Engineering
PreSonus Audio Electronics
Universal Audio
Zoom Corporation
Steinberg Media Technologies(Yamaha)
Roland
Mackie (LOUD Technologies)
M-Audio
Behringer (Music Group)
MOTU
IK Multimedia
RME
Tascam (TEAC Corporation)
ESI Audiotechnik GmbH
Lexicon (HARMAN)
Audient
Segment by Type
USB
Firewire
MIDI
Thunderbolt
Others
Segment by Application
Amateurs
Professional
Production by Region
North America
Europe
China
Japan
South Korea
Sales by Region
US & Canada
U.S.
Canada
China
Asia (excluding China)
Japan
South Korea
China Taiwan
Southeast Asia
India
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Latin America, Middle East & Africa
Brazil
Mexico
Turkey
Israel
GCC Countries
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1: Introduces the report scope of the report, executive summary of different market segments (by Type and by Application, etc), including the market size of each market segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the current state of the market and its likely evolution in the short to mid-term, and long term.
Chapter 2: Computer Audio Interfaces production/output of global and key producers (regions/countries). It provides a quantitative analysis of the production, and development potential of each producer in the next six years.
Chapter 3: Sales (consumption), revenue of Computer Audio Interfaces in global, regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
Chapter 4: Detailed analysis of Computer Audio Interfaces manufacturers competitive landscape, price, sales, revenue, market share and industry ranking, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 5: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Type, covering the sales, revenue, average price, and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 6: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Application, covering the sales, revenue, average price, and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 7: North America (US & Canada) by Type, by Application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 8: Europe by Type, by Application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 9: China by Type, and by Application, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 10: Asia (excluding China) by Type, by Application and by region, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 11: Middle East, Africa, Latin America by Type, by Application and by country, sales, and revenue for each segment.
Chapter 12: Provides profiles of key manufacturers, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product descriptions and specifications, Computer Audio Interfaces sales, revenue, price, gross margin, and recent development, etc.
Chapter 13: Analysis of industrial chain, sales channel, key raw materials, distributors and customers.
Chapter 14: Introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 15: The main points and conclusions of the report.
Please Note - This is an on demand report and will be delivered in 2 business days (48 hours) post payment.
1 Study Coverage
1.1 Computer Audio Interfaces Product Introduction
1.2 Market by Type
1.2.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Market Size by Type, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
1.2.2 USB
1.2.3 Firewire
1.2.4 MIDI
1.2.5 Thunderbolt
1.2.6 Others
1.3 Market by Application
1.3.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Market Size by Application, 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
1.3.2 Amateurs
1.3.3 Professional
1.4 Assumptions and Limitations
1.5 Study Objectives
1.6 Years Considered
2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Production
2.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Production Capacity (2019-2030)
2.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Production by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
2.3 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Production by Region
2.3.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Historic Production by Region (2019-2024)
2.3.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Forecasted Production by Region (2025-2030)
2.3.3 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Production Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
2.4 North America
2.5 Europe
2.6 China
2.7 Japan
2.8 South Korea
3 Executive Summary
3.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue Estimates and Forecasts 2019-2030
3.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Region
3.2.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
3.2.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Region (2019-2024)
3.2.3 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Region (2025-2030)
3.2.4 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
3.3 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Sales Estimates and Forecasts 2019-2030
3.4 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Region
3.4.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
3.4.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Region (2019-2024)
3.4.3 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Region (2025-2030)
3.4.4 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Sales Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
3.5 US & Canada
3.6 Europe
3.7 China
3.8 Asia (excluding China)
3.9 Middle East, Africa and Latin America
4 Competition by Manufactures
4.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Manufacturers
4.1.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
4.1.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
4.1.3 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Largest Manufacturers of Computer Audio Interfaces in 2023
4.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Manufacturers
4.2.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
4.2.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
4.2.3 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue in 2023
4.3 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Sales Price by Manufacturers
4.4 Global Key Players of Computer Audio Interfaces, Industry Ranking, 2022 VS 2023 VS 2024
4.5 Analysis of Competitive Landscape
4.5.1 Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
4.5.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
4.6 Global Key Manufacturers of Computer Audio Interfaces, Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
4.7 Global Key Manufacturers of Computer Audio Interfaces, Product Offered and Application
4.8 Global Key Manufacturers of Computer Audio Interfaces, Date of Enter into This Industry
4.9 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
5 Market Size by Type
5.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Type
5.1.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Historical Sales by Type (2019-2024)
5.1.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Forecasted Sales by Type (2025-2030)
5.1.3 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Sales Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
5.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Type
5.2.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Historical Revenue by Type (2019-2024)
5.2.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Forecasted Revenue by Type (2025-2030)
5.2.3 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
5.3 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Price by Type
5.3.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Price by Type (2019-2024)
5.3.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Price Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
6 Market Size by Application
6.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Application
6.1.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Historical Sales by Application (2019-2024)
6.1.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Forecasted Sales by Application (2025-2030)
6.1.3 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Sales Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
6.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Application
6.2.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Historical Revenue by Application (2019-2024)
6.2.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Forecasted Revenue by Application (2025-2030)
6.2.3 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
6.3 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Price by Application
6.3.1 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Price by Application (2019-2024)
6.3.2 Global Computer Audio Interfaces Price Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
7 US & Canada
7.1 US & Canada Computer Audio Interfaces Market Size by Type
7.1.1 US & Canada Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Type (2019-2030)
7.1.2 US & Canada Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
7.2 US & Canada Computer Audio Interfaces Market Size by Application
7.2.1 US & Canada Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Application (2019-2030)
7.2.2 US & Canada Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
7.3 US & Canada Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Country
7.3.1 US & Canada Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
7.3.2 US & Canada Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Country (2019-2030)
7.3.3 US & Canada Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Country (2019-2030)
7.3.4 U.S.
7.3.5 Canada
8 Europe
8.1 Europe Computer Audio Interfaces Market Size by Type
8.1.1 Europe Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Type (2019-2030)
8.1.2 Europe Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
8.2 Europe Computer Audio Interfaces Market Size by Application
8.2.1 Europe Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Application (2019-2030)
8.2.2 Europe Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
8.3 Europe Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Country
8.3.1 Europe Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
8.3.2 Europe Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Country (2019-2030)
8.3.3 Europe Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Country (2019-2030)
8.3.4 Germany
8.3.5 France
8.3.6 U.K.
8.3.7 Italy
8.3.8 Russia
9 China
9.1 China Computer Audio Interfaces Market Size by Type
9.1.1 China Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Type (2019-2030)
9.1.2 China Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
9.2 China Computer Audio Interfaces Market Size by Application
9.2.1 China Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Application (2019-2030)
9.2.2 China Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
10 Asia (excluding China)
10.1 Asia Computer Audio Interfaces Market Size by Type
10.1.1 Asia Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Type (2019-2030)
10.1.2 Asia Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
10.2 Asia Computer Audio Interfaces Market Size by Application
10.2.1 Asia Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Application (2019-2030)
10.2.2 Asia Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
10.3 Asia Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Region
10.3.1 Asia Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
10.3.2 Asia Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Region (2019-2030)
10.3.3 Asia Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Region (2019-2030)
10.3.4 Japan
10.3.5 South Korea
10.3.6 China Taiwan
10.3.7 Southeast Asia
10.3.8 India
11 Middle East, Africa and Latin America
11.1 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Computer Audio Interfaces Market Size by Type
11.1.1 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Type (2019-2030)
11.1.2 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Type (2019-2030)
11.2 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Computer Audio Interfaces Market Size by Application
11.2.1 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Application (2019-2030)
11.2.2 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Application (2019-2030)
11.3 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Country
11.3.1 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
11.3.2 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Computer Audio Interfaces Revenue by Country (2019-2030)
11.3.3 Middle East, Africa and Latin America Computer Audio Interfaces Sales by Country (2019-2030)
11.3.4 Brazil
11.3.5 Mexico
11.3.6 Turkey
11.3.7 Israel
11.3.8 GCC Countries
12 Corporate Profiles
12.1 Focusrite Audio Engineering
12.1.1 Focusrite Audio Engineering Company Information
12.1.2 Focusrite Audio Engineering Overview
12.1.3 Focusrite Audio Engineering Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.1.4 Focusrite Audio Engineering Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.1.5 Focusrite Audio Engineering Recent Developments
12.2 PreSonus Audio Electronics
12.2.1 PreSonus Audio Electronics Company Information
12.2.2 PreSonus Audio Electronics Overview
12.2.3 PreSonus Audio Electronics Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.2.4 PreSonus Audio Electronics Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.2.5 PreSonus Audio Electronics Recent Developments
12.3 Universal Audio
12.3.1 Universal Audio Company Information
12.3.2 Universal Audio Overview
12.3.3 Universal Audio Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.3.4 Universal Audio Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.3.5 Universal Audio Recent Developments
12.4 Zoom Corporation
12.4.1 Zoom Corporation Company Information
12.4.2 Zoom Corporation Overview
12.4.3 Zoom Corporation Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.4.4 Zoom Corporation Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.4.5 Zoom Corporation Recent Developments
12.5 Steinberg Media Technologies(Yamaha)
12.5.1 Steinberg Media Technologies(Yamaha) Company Information
12.5.2 Steinberg Media Technologies(Yamaha) Overview
12.5.3 Steinberg Media Technologies(Yamaha) Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.5.4 Steinberg Media Technologies(Yamaha) Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.5.5 Steinberg Media Technologies(Yamaha) Recent Developments
12.6 Roland
12.6.1 Roland Company Information
12.6.2 Roland Overview
12.6.3 Roland Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.6.4 Roland Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.6.5 Roland Recent Developments
12.7 Mackie (LOUD Technologies)
12.7.1 Mackie (LOUD Technologies) Company Information
12.7.2 Mackie (LOUD Technologies) Overview
12.7.3 Mackie (LOUD Technologies) Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.7.4 Mackie (LOUD Technologies) Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.7.5 Mackie (LOUD Technologies) Recent Developments
12.8 M-Audio
12.8.1 M-Audio Company Information
12.8.2 M-Audio Overview
12.8.3 M-Audio Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.8.4 M-Audio Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.8.5 M-Audio Recent Developments
12.9 Behringer (Music Group)
12.9.1 Behringer (Music Group) Company Information
12.9.2 Behringer (Music Group) Overview
12.9.3 Behringer (Music Group) Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.9.4 Behringer (Music Group) Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.9.5 Behringer (Music Group) Recent Developments
12.10 MOTU
12.10.1 MOTU Company Information
12.10.2 MOTU Overview
12.10.3 MOTU Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.10.4 MOTU Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.10.5 MOTU Recent Developments
12.11 IK Multimedia
12.11.1 IK Multimedia Company Information
12.11.2 IK Multimedia Overview
12.11.3 IK Multimedia Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.11.4 IK Multimedia Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.11.5 IK Multimedia Recent Developments
12.12 RME
12.12.1 RME Company Information
12.12.2 RME Overview
12.12.3 RME Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.12.4 RME Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.12.5 RME Recent Developments
12.13 Tascam (TEAC Corporation)
12.13.1 Tascam (TEAC Corporation) Company Information
12.13.2 Tascam (TEAC Corporation) Overview
12.13.3 Tascam (TEAC Corporation) Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.13.4 Tascam (TEAC Corporation) Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.13.5 Tascam (TEAC Corporation) Recent Developments
12.14 ESI Audiotechnik GmbH
12.14.1 ESI Audiotechnik GmbH Company Information
12.14.2 ESI Audiotechnik GmbH Overview
12.14.3 ESI Audiotechnik GmbH Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.14.4 ESI Audiotechnik GmbH Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.14.5 ESI Audiotechnik GmbH Recent Developments
12.15 Lexicon (HARMAN)
12.15.1 Lexicon (HARMAN) Company Information
12.15.2 Lexicon (HARMAN) Overview
12.15.3 Lexicon (HARMAN) Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.15.4 Lexicon (HARMAN) Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.15.5 Lexicon (HARMAN) Recent Developments
12.16 Audient
12.16.1 Audient Company Information
12.16.2 Audient Overview
12.16.3 Audient Computer Audio Interfaces Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
12.16.4 Audient Computer Audio Interfaces Product Model Numbers, Pictures, Descriptions and Specifications
12.16.5 Audient Recent Developments
13 Industry Chain and Sales Channels Analysis
13.1 Computer Audio Interfaces Industry Chain Analysis
13.2 Computer Audio Interfaces Key Raw Materials
13.2.1 Key Raw Materials
13.2.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
13.3 Computer Audio Interfaces Production Mode & Process
13.4 Computer Audio Interfaces Sales and Marketing
13.4.1 Computer Audio Interfaces Sales Channels
13.4.2 Computer Audio Interfaces Distributors
13.5 Computer Audio Interfaces Customers
14 Computer Audio Interfaces Market Dynamics
14.1 Computer Audio Interfaces Industry Trends
14.2 Computer Audio Interfaces Market Drivers
14.3 Computer Audio Interfaces Market Challenges
14.4 Computer Audio Interfaces Market Restraints
15 Key Finding in The Global Computer Audio Interfaces Study
16 Appendix
16.1 Research Methodology
16.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
16.1.2 Data Source
16.2 Author Details
16.3 Disclaimer
Focusrite Audio Engineering
PreSonus Audio Electronics
Universal Audio
Zoom Corporation
Steinberg Media Technologies(Yamaha)
Roland
Mackie (LOUD Technologies)
M-Audio
Behringer (Music Group)
MOTU
IK Multimedia
RME
Tascam (TEAC Corporation)
ESI Audiotechnik GmbH
Lexicon (HARMAN)
Audient
Ìý
Ìý
*If Applicable.
